Dab tsi yog Cov Txheej Txheem Keeb Kwm Ntawm Biomass Particles?

Dab tsi yog particle?

Pellet fuels tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb raws li kev hloov dua tshiab, huv-kub thiab tus nqi-ruaj khov hauv tsev xaiv. Nws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv dua tshiab -- feem ntau pov tseg ntoo. Ntau lab tus tib neeg hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas siv cov ntoo pellets rau cov cua sov hauv qhov cub dawb, qhov cub, qhov cub thiab boilers. Pellet tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob ua lwm yam lossis ntxiv rau cov thee hauv cov phiaj xwm cogeneration. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv cov roj ntoo pellet rau cua sov hauv qhov chaw loj xws li tsev kawm ntawv thiab tsev loj cuj. Cov pellets tau ua thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb thiab tau ua lag luam hla ciam teb. Hauv luv luv, pellet fuels yog ib txoj hauv kev los tig ntau lab cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv lub zog.

Fuelwood, wood pellets, wood chips, khib nyiab ntawv thiab ntau lwm yam khoom siv ua liaj ua teb thiab sab nrauv tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab yog tag nrho cov roj biomass. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm biomass yog nws cov kev rov ua dua tshiab. Particulate fuels muaj qhov sib xws tseem ceeb thiab roj efficiency ua rau ib feem me me ntawm cov pa phem. Particle burners yog nruab nrog tag nrho cov roj burners rau qhov qis tshaj particle emissions. Nrog rau kev tswj xyuas kev ua liaj ua teb kom zoo, biomass zoo li tsis muaj kev txwv thiab tau ua pov thawj kom ruaj khov ntawm tus nqi ntau dua li fossil fuels.

Particle keeb kwm

Sweden, Europe

Kev siv biomass pellets rau kev tsim hluav taws xob hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo 1970, thaum lwm txoj hauv kev rau fossil fuels tau nrhiav tom qab muaj teeb meem hluav taws xob. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, cov txheej txheem siv los tsim cov tsiaj pub pellets tau raug txhim kho kom haum cov ntaub ntawv ntoo. Sweden yog ib tug ntawm cov pioneers nyob rau hauv no kev lag luam vim hais tias ntawm nws cov tseem ceeb cav ntoo kev lag luam, xav kom muaj zog muaj kev ywj pheej, thiab kev cog lus rau ib puag ncig kev txuag.

Swedish ntoo pellet ntau lawm tau pib thaum xyoo 1970s nrog kev txiav txim siab los tsim ib tsob ntoo pellet hauv Mula. Cov nroj tsuag tau pib tsim tawm thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1982, tab sis tsis ntev tau khiav mus rau qhov teeb meem vim tias cov nqi ntau dua li kev siv nyiaj txiag. Cov cuab yeej siv yog hloov cov roj hluav taws xob boiler mus rau pellet roj boiler. Tab sis qhov ua tau zoo yog tsawg, thiab tsis yog vim tias cov khoom tsis zoo. Hauv thawj xyoo, cov khoom siv raw yog cov tawv ntoo. Feem ntau cov hmoov tshauv feem ntau yog 2.5-17 feem pua ​​. Lub Hoobkas Mura tau kaw hauv xyoo 1986.

Lub Hoobkas pellet tau tsim nyob rau hauv Vargarda hauv 1984 thiab kaw hauv 1989. Tus tswv kawg ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog Volvo Group. Xyoo 1987, thawj cov khoom siv qhuav pelletizing tau tsim hauv Kil, uas tau tsim kom muaj peev xwm txhua xyoo ntawm 3,000 tons. Cov nroj tsuag tseem tab tom ua haujlwm thiab yog cov khoom lag luam qub tshaj plaws hauv Sweden.

Thaum xyoo 1990, tsoomfwv Swedish tau los nrog kev thov kom them se fossil fuels. Nws kuj txwv cov pa roj carbon dioxide emissions. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv, burning fossil fuels ua unprofitable, thiab biofuels tsiv mus rau sau lub zog sib txawv. Qhov no yog ib qho kev hloov pauv, cim qhov pib ntawm kev siv cov ntoo pellets sai.

Cov tswv yim zoo li lub zog huv si tau tshwm sim nyob rau lwm qhov hauv Tebchaws Europe. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Tebchaws Europe tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev noj biomass pellets. Cov pellets tuaj yeem xa los ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom thiab khaws cia ncaj qha rau hauv thaj chaw cia khoom, zoo ib yam li cov roj av nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb roj. Ntxiv nrog rau cov cua sov hauv tsev, ntau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nyob sab Europe tau siv cov khoom siv biomass los tsim hluav taws xob, ntawm lwm cov ntawv thov kev lag luam.

· North America

Kev lag luam ntoo pellet roj tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -1980s, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm cov vaj tse ntoo pellet qhov cub. Cov cuab yeej tsim los txo qis cov pa phem hauv qab qhov tshiab Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emissions yuav tsum tau rau cov qhov cub ntoo, muab cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab yooj yim rau kev siv cua sov. Pellet qhov cub muag tau nce sai heev nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1990s, peaking nyob rau hauv 1994. Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm natural gas qhov cub, qhov kev loj hlob maj mam leveled. Kev muag roj pellet ua raws li qhov xav tau nkhaus rau cov chaw nyob pellet furnaces. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev siv vaj tse hauv tsev suav txog li 95 feem pua, nrog rau qhov seem rau kev lag luam.

Xyoo 1984, ob lub pellet cog tau ua haujlwm hauv Pacific Northwest. Feem ntau pellet factories yog cov tuam txhab me me. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov pellets loj tsis ntev los no tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev xav tau los ntawm Tebchaws Europe, uas tau dhau los ua qhov chaw xa tawm loj rau cov pellets los ntawm Canada thiab Tebchaws Meskas.

Cov khoom siv feem ntau yog ntoo shavings. shavings thiab chips yog siv sparingly. Kev lag luam yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub mills ywj siab uas nws ib leeg ua lag luam yog pellet ntau lawm, uas kuj yog ib feem ntawm lwm cov tuam txhab ua ntoo. Cov lag luam ywj pheej no yuav cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov khw qhib thiab feem ntau yog cov neeg tsim khoom loj dua.

Kev lag luam ntoo pellet loj hlob qeeb los ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau cog. Ntau lub tuam txhab xav tau lub sijhawm hloov kho tshwj xeeb ntawm 6-18 hli. Lub sijhawm pib ua haujlwm ntev yog vim muaj ntau yam, suav nrog: kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev tsim tsis zoo thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, kev siv cov khoom qub lossis cov khoom siv tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj kev paub txog kev tswj hwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev lag luam loj hlob tuaj thiab cov xwm txheej zoo tuaj, nws yog ib qho uas cov tuam txhab ua kev tshawb fawb ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam, nrog cov cuab yeej siv / engineering cov tuam txhab muab cov nroj tsuag tsim thiab kev teeb tsa zoo dua, cov cuab yeej txhim kho, thiab cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev pab los ntawm lwm cov tuam txhab particle.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov chaw tsim khoom loj loj, kuj tseem muaj qee cov neeg ua haujlwm rau tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob deb nroog, uas tsim lawv tus kheej cov khoom nrog cov tshuab me me. Nws yog ib txoj hauv kev ua kom tus kheej txaus, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nyob ib puag ncig, thiab ib txoj hauv kev kom tau txais txiaj ntsig kev lag luam los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg uas twb muaj lawm.